And the Jews' passover was at hand,.... That feast which was kept on the fourteenth day of Nisan, in commemoration of the Lord's passing over, and by the houses of the Israelites, when He slew the firstborn in Egypt: Christ, being made under the law, observed the passover at Jerusalem. Thus He taught us by His example a strict observance of divine institutions, and a diligent attendance on religious assemblies.
2:14 And found in the temple those that sold oxen and sheep and doves, and the changers of money sitting:
And found in the temple,.... Not in the holy place itself, nor in the court of the priests, where the sacrifices were offered, nor in the court of the women, nor in the court of the Israelites, where the people worshipped; but in the court of the Gentiles, or the outward court, even all that space of ground which was between the wall which divided the whole from common ground, and the buildings of the temple, and which was open to the air; for the whole sacred enclosure, or all within the wall, went by the name of the temple. Into this all strangers might come; and the passover now being at hand, here were.
2:15 And when He had made a scourge of small cords, He drove them all out of the temple, and the sheep, and the oxen; and poured out the changers' money, and overthrew the tables;
2:16 And said unto them that sold doves, Take these things hence; make not My Father's house an house of merchandise.
2:17 And His disciples remembered that it was written, The zeal of thine house hath eaten me up.
The zeal of thine house - See Psalm 59:10. Zeal to promote thy glory, and to keep thy worship pure.
2:18 Then answered the Jews and said unto Him, What sign shewest Thou unto us, seeing that Thou doest these things?
what sign shewest Thou unto us, seeing Thou dost these things? they argued, that
2:22 When therefore He was risen from the dead, His disciples remembered that He had said this unto them; and they believed the scripture, and the word which Jesus had said.
When therefore He was risen from the dead,.... Which was three years after this:
2:23 Now when He was in Jerusalem at the passover, in the feast day, many believed in His name, when they saw the miracles which He did.
Many believed in His name - They believed Him to be the promised Messiah, but did not believe in Him to the salvation of their souls: for we find, from the following verse, that their hearts were not at all changed, because our blessed Lord could not trust Himself to them.
2:24 But Jesus did not commit Himself unto them, because He knew all men,
But Jesus did not commit Himself unto them,.... The sense according to some of the ancients is, that He did not commit the whole of the Gospel to them; He did not make known to them all His mind and will; this He only did to the twelve apostles, His special disciples and friends; nor was the time come, that he would make known, or have made known, the things concerning His person, office, obedience, sufferings, death, and resurrection from the dead: but rather the meaning is, that He did not trust Himself with these persons, who believed in Him, on the basis of His miracles; He did not take them into the number of his associates; He did not admit them to intimacy with him; nor did He freely converse with them, or make any long stay among them; but soon withdrew Himself from hence.....because He knew all men: good and bad: all openly profane sinners, and all their actions; not only their more public ones, but those that are done in the dark, and which are the most secretly devised.
2:25 And needed not that any should testify of man: for He knew what was in man.
And needed not that any should testify of man,.... He needed no proofs to be made, or testimonies bore, or evidence given of men's characters and actions; He was of quick understanding, and could distinguish at once between a wicked man and a good man.
2:14 And found in the temple those that sold oxen and sheep and doves, and the changers of money sitting:
And found in the temple,.... Not in the holy place itself, nor in the court of the priests, where the sacrifices were offered, nor in the court of the women, nor in the court of the Israelites, where the people worshipped; but in the court of the Gentiles, or the outward court, even all that space of ground which was between the wall which divided the whole from common ground, and the buildings of the temple, and which was open to the air; for the whole sacred enclosure, or all within the wall, went by the name of the temple. Into this all strangers might come; and the passover now being at hand, here were.
2:15 And when He had made a scourge of small cords, He drove them all out of the temple, and the sheep, and the oxen; and poured out the changers' money, and overthrew the tables;
He never used force to drive any into the temple,
but only to drive those out that profaned it.
2:16 And said unto them that sold doves, Take these things hence; make not My Father's house an house of merchandise.
--Here is a reason why He was concerned to purge it, because it was His Father's house.
--Therefore He had authority to purge it, for He was faithful, as a Son over His own house.
--In calling God His Father, He intimates that He was the Messiah.
--Therefore He had authority to purge it, for He was faithful, as a Son over His own house.
--In calling God His Father, He intimates that He was the Messiah.
2:17 And His disciples remembered that it was written, The zeal of thine house hath eaten me up.
The zeal of thine house - See Psalm 59:10. Zeal to promote thy glory, and to keep thy worship pure.
2:18 Then answered the Jews and said unto Him, What sign shewest Thou unto us, seeing that Thou doest these things?
what sign shewest Thou unto us, seeing Thou dost these things? they argued, that
--either He did these things of Himself, by His own authority, and then they must be deemed rash and unjustifiable;
--or He did it by the authority of others: they knew it was not by theirs, who were the great council of the nation, from whom He should have had His instructions and orders, if He acted by human authority;
--and if He pretended to a divine authority, as they supposed He did, then they insisted upon a sign or miracle to be wrought, to prove that God was His Father, as He suggested; and that He was the proprietor and owner of the temple, and had a right to purge it, as He had done;
2:19 Jesus answered and said unto them, Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up.
destroy this temple; pointing, as it were, with His finger to His body;
2:19 Jesus answered and said unto them, Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up.
destroy this temple; pointing, as it were, with His finger to His body;
in three days I will raise it again; by which He would appear to be the Son of God, with power, that had power of laying down His life, and taking it up again; and is the very sign, namely, His resurrection from the dead on the third day.
2:20 Then said the Jews, Forty and six years was this temple in building, and wilt thou rear it up in three days?
Forty and six years was this temple in building - The temple of which the Jews spake was begun to be rebuilt by Herod the Great, in the 18th year of his reign: But though he finished the main work in nine years and a half, yet some additional buildings or repairs were constantly carried on for many years afterwards. Herod began the work sixteen years before the birth of our Lord: the transactions which are here related took place in the thirtieth year of our Lord, which make the term exactly forty-six years.
2:21 But He spake of the temple of His body.
Of the temple of His body - His body had no particular temple:
2:20 Then said the Jews, Forty and six years was this temple in building, and wilt thou rear it up in three days?
Forty and six years was this temple in building - The temple of which the Jews spake was begun to be rebuilt by Herod the Great, in the 18th year of his reign: But though he finished the main work in nine years and a half, yet some additional buildings or repairs were constantly carried on for many years afterwards. Herod began the work sixteen years before the birth of our Lord: the transactions which are here related took place in the thirtieth year of our Lord, which make the term exactly forty-six years.
2:21 But He spake of the temple of His body.
Of the temple of His body - His body had no particular temple:
but it was the temple of his Divinity -
the place in which, as in the ancient temple,
His Godhead dwelt;
2:22 When therefore He was risen from the dead, His disciples remembered that He had said this unto them; and they believed the scripture, and the word which Jesus had said.
When therefore He was risen from the dead,.... Which was three years after this:
2:23 Now when He was in Jerusalem at the passover, in the feast day, many believed in His name, when they saw the miracles which He did.
Many believed in His name - They believed Him to be the promised Messiah, but did not believe in Him to the salvation of their souls: for we find, from the following verse, that their hearts were not at all changed, because our blessed Lord could not trust Himself to them.
2:24 But Jesus did not commit Himself unto them, because He knew all men,
But Jesus did not commit Himself unto them,.... The sense according to some of the ancients is, that He did not commit the whole of the Gospel to them; He did not make known to them all His mind and will; this He only did to the twelve apostles, His special disciples and friends; nor was the time come, that he would make known, or have made known, the things concerning His person, office, obedience, sufferings, death, and resurrection from the dead: but rather the meaning is, that He did not trust Himself with these persons, who believed in Him, on the basis of His miracles; He did not take them into the number of his associates; He did not admit them to intimacy with him; nor did He freely converse with them, or make any long stay among them; but soon withdrew Himself from hence.....because He knew all men: good and bad: all openly profane sinners, and all their actions; not only their more public ones, but those that are done in the dark, and which are the most secretly devised.
2:25 And needed not that any should testify of man: for He knew what was in man.
And needed not that any should testify of man,.... He needed no proofs to be made, or testimonies bore, or evidence given of men's characters and actions; He was of quick understanding, and could distinguish at once between a wicked man and a good man.
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